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Acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity in carp brain and muscle after acute exposure to diafuran Scientia Agricola
Golombieski,Jaqueline Ineu; Marchesan,Enio; Camargo,Edinalvo Rabaioli; Salbego,Joseânia; Baumart,Joele Schmitt; Loro,Vania Lucia; Machado,Sérgio Luiz de Oliveira; Zanella,Renato; Baldisserotto,Bernardo.
Sublethal adverse effects may result from exposure of aquatic organisms to insecticides at environmentally relevant concentrations. Fingerlings of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Valenciennes, 1844), and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis, Richardson, 1845) were exposed to diafuran, an insecticide widely used during rice cultivation in Southern Brazil. The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between the lethal concentration (LC50) of diafuran and the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain and muscle tissues of these species as a possible early biomarker of exposure to this insecticide. LC50 was determined for fish exposed to diafuran concentrations during 96 h (short term): common...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cyprinus carpio; Ctenopharyngodon idella; Aristichthys nobilis; Pesticide; Lethal concentration.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000400003
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ACHA: Avaliação da Contaminação hídrica por agrotóxico. Infoteca-e
SCORZA JUNIOR, R. P.; NÉVOLA, F. A.; AYELO, V. S..
Modelos matemáticos e simuladores têm sido desenvolvidos para prever a lixiviação de agrotóxicos em solos, permitindo grande economia de tempo e recursos financeiros, além de permitir análises de risco com maior representatividade e confiabilidade. O Brasil ainda não faz uso dessas ferramentas no processo de avaliação de risco e classificação ambiental dos agrotóxicos. Estas ferramentas não são utilizadas pelas autoridades nacionais por não estarem adaptadas às condições brasileiras. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver uma ferramenta computacional para simulação da lixiviação de agrotóxicos em cenários agrícolas brasileiros. A ferramenta computacional recebeu o nome de ACHA, que se refere ao acrônimo de Avaliação da Contaminação Hídrica por...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Modelagem matemática; Pesticide; Mathematical modeling.; Agrotóxico; Lixiviação.; Leaching..
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/880316
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AGGREGATION ISSUES IN PEST CONTROL ECONOMICS: A BIOECONOMIC APPROACH AgEcon
Young, Douglas L.; Smith, Elwin G.; Kwon, Tae-Jin.
Previous research has defined “aggregate pesticide expenditures” as the control variable; however, virtually all managerial recommendations and environmental restrictions target specific pesticides, rates, and crops. A bioeconomic approach considering particular pesticides on specific pests and crops is recommended for managerial-policy applications and testing for increasing returns. Exponential weed control and seven popular yield damage functional forms were estimated for a bioeconomic weed control model for winter wheat in Washington. Concavity with respect to herbicide rate was observed for most popular damage functions at normal weed densities and manufacturers’ label rates, but convexity existed outside these ranges and should be checked.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic; Data aggregation; Herbicide; Increasing returns; Pest control; Pesticide; Weed; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36448
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AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF A BAN OF METHYL BROMIDE ON THE U.S. WINTER FRESH VEGETABLE MARKET AgEcon
Deepak, M.S.; Spreen, Thomas H.; VanSickle, John J..
This study evaluates the economic impact of a ban on methyl bromide on the U.S. winter fresh vegetable market for six major crops: tomatoes, green peppers, cucumbers, squash, eggplant, and watermelons. Florida is the primary domestic supplier of these products. Mexico and Texas are the competing suppliers of the five vegetable crops and peppers, respectively. Leontief technologies represent both monocrop and double-crop production systems; linear inverse demand functions represent four demand regions in the U.S. and Canada. By increasing production costs and reducing yields, a ban on methyl bromide decreases Florida's FOB revenues by 54% and increases those of Mexico by 65%. Price increases to U.S. fresh vegetable consumers range from near zero to over...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Fresh vegetables; Methyl bromide; Pesticide; Quadratic programming; Spatial equilibrium; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15113
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An in situ intercomparison exercise on passive samplers for monitoring metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides in surface waters ArchiMer
Miege, C.; Mazzella, N.; Schiavone, S.; Dabrin, A.; Berho, C.; Ghestem, J. -p.; Gonzalez, C.; Gonzalez, Jean-louis; Lalere, B.; Lardy-fontan, S.; Lepot, B.; Munaron, Dominique; Tixier, Celine; Togola, A.; Coquery, M..
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Intercomparison exercise; Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD); Metal; Passive sampling; Pesticide; Polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS); Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH); Priority chemical; Surface water; Water Framework Directive (WFD).
Ano: 2012 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18853/16597.pdf
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Artrópodos associados ao tomateiro industrial em Petrolina, PE e a racionalização do uso de defensivos agrícolas. Infoteca-e
MORAES, G. J. de; RAMALHO, F. de S.; OLIVEIRA, C. A. V. de; FREIRE, L. C..
As principais pragas do tomateiro industrial na regiao de Petrolina, PE, sao o microacaro (Aculops Lycopersici (Massee), o acaro vermelho (Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard) e as brocas dos frutos (PSeudoplusia oo (Cramer) e Heliothis zea (Bod). Os niveis populacionais mais baixos do microacaro foram atingidos quando o transplantio foi realizado de outubro a abril, enquanto que os niveis mais baixos de populacao de acaro vermelho foram atingidos em geral nos transplantios realizados no perimetro semestre de cada ano. Uma apreciavel reducao nos gastos relativos ao controle de pragas nesta cultura foi conseguida quando a aplicacao de defensivos baseou-se nos limiares de dano economico de duas plantas severamente atacadas pelo microacaro ou acaro...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Tomate industrial; Artrópodo; Defensivo agrícola; Brasil; Pesticide; Tomato.; Tomate; Ácaro; Lycopersicon Esculentum.; Mites..
Ano: 1986 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132630
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Bioensaios de toxicidade genética com plantas superiores Tradescantia (MCN e SHM), milho e soja. Infoteca-e
RODRIGUES, G. S..
A avaliação da toxicidade genética presente em certas situações ambientais e de compostos selecionados é uma área de crescente interesse em ecotoxicologia. Neste trabalho, são descritos quatro bioensaios vegetais de interesse para avaliação de genotoxicidade in situ em ambientes agrícolas. O ensaio do micronúcleo em célula mãe do pólen de Tradescantia (Trad-MCN) é um teste de clastogênese extremamente sensível, de exposição curta (desde apenas 6 horas) e avaliação simples. O ensaio do pelo estaminal (Trad-SHM) B um teste de mutação pontual, no qual se observa alteração de cor nas células do estame. A avaliação é simples, mas laboriosa. O bioensaio do pólen ceroso em milho tem como principal vantagem a sua potência estatística, já que, literalmente,...
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Toxicidade; Ecotoxicologia; Bioensaio; Monitoramento ambiental; Pesticide; Soybean; Agrotóxico; Milho; Soja; Mutação; Toxidez; Genética; Environmental impact; Mutagenesis; Tradescantia; Corn; Bioassays.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/964416
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BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND NOVEL APPLICATIONS OF CHALCONES Planta Daninha
DÍAZ-TIELAS,C.; GRAÑA,E.; REIGOSA,M.J.; SÁNCHEZ-MOREIRAS,A.M..
ABSTRACT This review provides information on the biological activities of chalcones (whether natural or synthetic derivatives) on different organisms, as well as an overview of the functions and possible new applications of these plant secondary metabolites on crop protection, as eco-friendly pesticides and weed control agents. Naturally occurring chalcones have been used in traditional medicine for many years; however, recent scientific advances have shown that these molecules have a broad range of biological activities in a variety of organisms. A review on the major sources of chalcones and the main molecular events involved in the modes of action of these natural products is achieved. Chalcones are molecules with a broad spectrum of biological...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mode of action; Secondary metabolites; Crop protection; Pesticide; Fungicide; Antiviral; Phytotoxicity.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000300607
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Climate conditions associated with the occurrence of pyrethroid residues in bulk milk tank Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.
Picinin,L.C.A.; Toaldo,I.M.; Hoff,R.B.; Souza,F.N.; Leite,M.O.; Fonseca,L.M.; Diniz,S.A.; Silva,M.X.; Haddad,J.P.A.; Cerqueira,M.M.O.P.; Luiz,M.T.B..
ABSTRACT The present study attempted to identify climate conditions that are associated with the occurrence of pyrethroid residues using a multivariate principal component analysis (PCA). A total of 132 raw milk samples were collected from dairy farms in Minas Gerais State - Brazil and analyzed for seven analytes using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Of the 132 milk samples, pyrethroid residues were identified in 14 (10.6%) milk samples, of which 12 (9.1%) and two (1.5%) milk samples had the identification of cypermethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. From those samples, nine (6.8%) milk samples were regarded as non-compliant for cypermethrin with this analyte concentration above the maximum residue limits set by Brazilian...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Veterinary drug; Pesticide; Raw milk; Seasonality; Dairy cow.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000601721
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Comparative Analysis of the Safe Training Performance about Farmers Use Pesticide -Sichuan Province of China as an example AgEcon
Wenting, Song; Xinhong, Fu; Deping, Xiong; Yan, Wang; Lian, Huang.
The Ministry of Agriculture of People’s Republic of China put in practice in non-hazardous food production and high-toxicity pesticides elimination, which aim at human, food and environmental safety. To investigate 491 farmers in Sichuan Province, the paper analyzes comparatively training content, fixed-point samples, different areas and training influence. The training content focuses on pesticide purchase, label reading, personal protection, container disposal, sprayer maintenance and sprayer cleaning. The results of SPSS statistical software show that there is a significant difference in 30 fixed-point samples between before and after training, and each index has obvious performance. And the results of component score and comprehensive scores of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Training performance; Farmers; Pesticide; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q16.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49973
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Concentración de Diclorodifeniltricloroetano (DDT) en poblaciones silvestres de Cocodrilos (Crocodylus acutus y C. Moreletti) en la zona Costera de México Colegio de Postgraduados
Loa Loza, Eleazar.
Para determinar la concentración de DDT y sus metabolitos en ejemplares de cocodrilos (Crocodylus acutus y C. moreletii), durante el período de junio a diciembre de 2004 se tomaron 80 muestras de sangre en 37 localidades de 13 estados de la zona costera de México. En algunos de estos sitios, ha sido aplicado el DDT para el control del vector del paludismo. Las muestras fueron procesadas en el laboratorio mediante cromatografía de gases con detector de captura de electrones. Se realizó un análisis de regresión lineal simple entre la longitud y el peso de los cocodrilos. Para comparar las concentraciones de DDT en sangre en función de la longitud y peso de los cocodrilos en las provincias biogeográficas, se realizó el análisis de varianza utilizando un...
Tipo: Tesis Palavras-chave: Reptiles; Crocodylus acutus; C. moreletii; DDT; Pesticidas; Contaminación; Maestría; Ganadería; Reptiles; Pesticide; Pollution.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1565
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Cytogenotoxicity of rice crop water after application of the tricyclazole fungicide Anais da ABC (AABC)
WANDSCHEER,ALANA C.D.; MARCHESAN,ENIO; TEDESCO,SOLANGE B.; FRESCURA,VIVIANE DAL-SOUTO; SOARES,CAMILLE F.; LONDERO,GUILHERME P.; TELÓ,GUSTAVO M.; HANSEL,DÂMARIS S.S..
ABSTRACT Tricyclazole is currently one of the fungicides recommended for the treatment of diseases in irrigated rice. However, there is relatively little information on its cytotoxic and genotoxic potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of rice crop water after apllication of the tricyclazole fungicide through the Allium cepa L. test. The rice crop water samplings were collected before and 1, 15 and 30 days after application of the fungicide in rice plant shoots. The Allium cepa roots were placed in contact with the rice crop water to check for possible chromosomal abnormalities and mitotic index of the bioindicators meristematic cells. The data obtained by the Allium cepa test indicates that the application...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Bioindicator; Chromosomal abnormalities; Mitotic index; Pesticide; Irrigated rice.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000301251
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Dimethoate degradation in plants and during processing of yerba maté leaves BABT
Schmalko,Miguel E.; Ramallo,Laura A.; Ferreira,Darío; Berlingheri,Rubén D..
The objective of this research was to study degradation kinetics of dimethoate in plants of Ilex paraguariensis Saint Hilaire (or yerba maté) and during its processing. To determine dimethoate concentration, a capillary gas chromatography technique with a mass selective detector was used. Half-life times in plants ranked between 9.8 and 11.8 days. During processing, with a blanching and two drying steps, dimethoate concentration decayed to a 22.7% of its initial value (in dry basis); while during seasoning step (at 45°C), half-life time was 17.3 days. With these values, preharvest safety interval was determined.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dimethoate; Pesticide; Degradation; Processing; Ilex paraguariensis; Yerba maté.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132002000600003
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Effects of an environmentally relevant concentration of diuron on oyster genitors during gametogenesis: responses of early molecular and cellular markers and physiological impacts ArchiMer
Akcha, Farida; Barranger, Audrey; Bachere, Evelyne; Berthelin, C. Heude; Piquemal, D.; Alonso, P.; Sallan, R. Rondon; Dimastrogiovanni, G.; Porte, C.; Menard, Dominique; Szczybelski, A.; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah; Auffret, M.; Rouxel, Julien; Burgeot, Thierry.
Genitors of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were submitted during gametogenesis to a short pulse exposure to the herbicide diuron at a realistic environmental concentration. Histological analysis showed no effect of diuron on gametogenesis course, sex ratio and reproductive effort. A non-significant increase in testosterone and progesterone levels was observed in genitors exposed to the herbicide. At cell level, diuron exposure was shown to modulate the phagocytic activity of circulating hemocytes. The results of a transcriptional analysis showed that diuron affected the expression of genes belonging to functions known to play a major role during oyster gametogenesis such as gene transcription regulation, DNA replication and repair, DNA methylation...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Oyster; Pesticide; Reproduction; Histology; Gene expression; RT-qPCR; Steroid; Immunity.
Ano: 2016 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00309/41983/83232.pdf
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Effects of pig slurry application on soil physical and chemical properties and glyphosate mobility Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo
Oliveira,Daniela Aparecida de; Pinheiro,Adilson; Veiga,Milton da.
Pig slurry applied to soil at different rates may affect soil properties and the mobility of chemical compounds within the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rates of pig slurry application in agricultural areas on soil physical and chemical properties and on the mobility of glyphosate through the soil profile. The study was carried out in the 12th year of an experiment with pig slurry applied at rates of 0 (control), 50, 100 and 200 m³ ha-1 yr-1 on a Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (Hapludox) soil. In the control, the quantities of P and K removed by harvested grains were replaced in the next crop cycle. Soil physical properties (bulk density, porosity, texture, and saturated hydraulic conductivity) and chemical properties...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Soil fertilization; Physical and chemical properties; Pollutant transport; Pesticide.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832014000500007
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THE RESPONSES OF Tetranychus urticae Koch (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE) TO THURINGIENSIN Agricultura Técnica
Vargas,Robinson; Chapman,Bruce; Penman,David R..
The effects of temperature, host plant, active ingredient mobility, surfactant, residue age and larval age on the response of Tetranychus urticae Koch to thuringiensin were evaluated in laboratory bioassays. T. urticae larvae were significantly more susceptible to thuringiensin at 13°C than at 28°C. A significantly different response of T. urticae larvae to thuringiensin residues was found on peach and apple leaves. Older T. urticae larvae were significantly more susceptible than younger larvae when exposed to thuringiensin residues. No systemic or translaminar effects of thuringiensin were detected; the leaf surface (upper or lower) and the addition of Silwet L-77 surfactant did not affect the efficacy of thuringiensin. The use of thuringiensin in spider...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Beta -exotoxin; Miticide; Bioassay; Pesticide; Residue age; Surfactant; Translocation.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072002000100001
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Food-safety Standards and Farmers Health: Evidence from Kenyan’s Export Vegetable Growers AgEcon
Asfaw, Solomon; Mithofer, Dagmar; Waibel, Hermann.
Limited empirical evidence exists either to confirm or refute the hypotheses that food-safety standards confer a positive external effect on farmers adopting it. This article makes use of health indicators obtained from a random cross-section sample of 439 small-scale export farmers in Kenya to evaluate the impact of EU retailer food-safety standards on producers’ health. Results show average cost of pesticide-related health risks at about 165 KSh and 324 KSh per cropping season for GlobalGAP adopters and non-adopters export producers, respectively. These costs equal 86.4% of the mean household chemical expenditure per cropping season for non-adopters and 39.6% of those adopters. Using instrumental variable econometric techniques we demonstrate that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Vegetables; GlobalGAP standards; Adoption; Pesticide; Farmer’s health; Kenya; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49928
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Fumigant Toxicity of Crushed Bulbs of Two Allium Species to Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Chilean J. Agric. Res.
Ofuya,T.I; Olotuah,O.F; Ogunsola,O.J.
Fumigant toxicity of crushed fresh bulbs of Allium sativum L. and A. cepa L. to the Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), a major pest of stored cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) seeds was assessed under laboratory conditions in Akure, Nigeria. In the tests, 20 g of infested cowpea seeds were suspended in a piece of muslin cloth, over an amount of crushed bulb in a container with a tightly fitted lid. Adult emergence was completely prevented from freshly laid eggs of C. maculatus on cowpea seeds that was fumigated with 6.0 g or more of crushed bulbs of A. sativum. Such fumigated seeds were not holed at all. Other amounts of A. sativum tested (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 g) significantly reduced C. maculatus adult emergence from fumigated eggs and seed...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Infestation; Seed holing; Pesticide; Volatiles; Essential oils.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392010000300019
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Impact of Pesticide Residue Concerns on Fresh Produce Consumption in the UK AgEcon
Silva, Andres; Garcia Martinez, Marian; Bailey, Alastair.
Poster
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Pesticide; AIDS; Two-stage demand system; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q11.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61264
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Impacto das práticas agrícolas e os problemas fitopatológicos: pesquisas e recomendações de proteção integrada. Infoteca-e
VALARINI, P. J.; ROBBS, C. F.; TOKESHI, H..
Fitopatógenos primários; Práticas agrícolas que favorecem a incidência de patógenos de solo; Recomendações de proteção integrada nas culturas irrigadas.
Tipo: Folhetos Palavras-chave: Agricultura irrigada; Murcha de escleródio; Rhizoctoniose; Pesticide; Prática cultural; Irrigação; Doença de planta; Controle integrado; Controle químico; Agrotóxico; Impacto ambiental; Mofo branco; Crestamento; Plant cultural practices; Irrigation; Plant diseases and disorders; Chemical control; Integrated pest management; Good agricultural practices.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/964406
Registros recuperados: 43
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